Healthy Skepticism Library item: 9658

Warning: This library includes all items relevant to health product marketing that we are aware of regardless of quality. Often we do not agree with all or part of the contents.

Publication type: Journal Article

Dunn WR, Hamilton DD, Lilja J.
Pharmacy in Sweden
Pharmaceutical Journal 1985 Nov 30; 235:714-715

Abstract:

Staffing and customer services in community pharmacies and continuing pharmaceutical education programs in Sweden are described. All community pharmacies in Sweden were nationalized in 1971 and now are owned and administered centrally by the Apoteksbolaget AB. There are 726 community pharmacies in Sweden and 95 hospital pharmacies have outpatient services. The total staff of Apoteksbolaget is 11,997. Of the 3 different staff categories at the pharmacies, there are 6,250 technicians, 3,200 receptaries (prescriptionists) and 725 apothekares (pharmacists) as of 1983. The pharmacy technician status was abolished in 1983 and upgraded to that of the receptarie (pending completion of revised course requirements for receptaries who are also pharmacists). Although apothekares and receptaries have full dispensing rights, the dispensing of prescriptions in all pharmacies is the task of the receptaries. Many pharmacies have been fitted out with areas for the self selection of OTC drugs. Continuing education programs are run by 4 bodies, namely, Apotekarsocieten (Swedish Pharmaceutical Society), Apoteksbolaget, the pharmaceutical industry, and the faculty of pharmacy, University of Uppsala. The activities and types of courses (from one day to 5 wk, commonly one-5 days) offered by these bodies and pharmacist participation at the courses are described.

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Far too large a section of the treatment of disease is to-day controlled by the big manufacturing pharmacists, who have enslaved us in a plausible pseudo-science...
The blind faith which some men have in medicines illustrates too often the greatest of all human capacities - the capacity for self deception...
Some one will say, Is this all your science has to tell us? Is this the outcome of decades of good clinical work, of patient study of the disease, of anxious trial in such good faith of so many drugs? Give us back the childlike trust of the fathers in antimony and in the lancet rather than this cold nihilism. Not at all! Let us accept the truth, however unpleasant it may be, and with the death rate staring us in the face, let us not be deceived with vain fancies...
we need a stern, iconoclastic spirit which leads, not to nihilism, but to an active skepticism - not the passive skepticism, born of despair, but the active skepticism born of a knowledge that recognizes its limitations and knows full well that only in this attitude of mind can true progress be made.
- William Osler 1909